Hydrocolloid dressing is a special kind of wound dressing used in the treatment of mildly exuding wounds, like minor burns or bed sores. These dressings are waterproof, and unlike simpler dressings, they provide a moist and insulating environment to promote wound healing.

Hydrocolloid dressings have an inner layer of gel-forming agents called hydrocolloid particles, which include carboxymethylcellulose, gelatin, and pectin. This inner layer promotes wound healing by absorbing exudate, which is a type of drainage made of water, white blood cells, and proteins. This feature provides a moist healing environment, which allows for faster healing and reduced scar formation.

The outside layer is waterproof and made of polyurethane foam or film, which shields the wound from bacteria, foreign bodies, and debris. Any bacteria and debris that might accumulate are trapped in the dressing and removed when the dressing is changed. These dressings facilitate wound care because they can be left in place for up to a week and typically don't need to be changed as often as other dressings unless they are malodorous, soiled, or saturated. Because the dressing doesn't adhere to the wound, its removal is mostly painless.